WILD BUSHFIRE MANAGEMENT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

WILD BUSHFIRE MANAGEMENT - Essay Example Alternative Actions towards Reducing the Impact of Bushfires in the Blue Mountain 14 4.1 Regulated Patrolling of the High Fire Risk Areas 15 4.2 Building Enhancement 15 4.3 Wildlife Protection 16 4.4 Accurate Weather Forecast and Warning System 16 4.5 Integration of Indigenous Knowledge and Experience 17 4.6 Increasing Public Awareness 17 4.7 Adaptive Management Process 17 5. Conclusion 18 References 20 1. Introduction Bush-land and rangelands, within the region of New South Wales, Australia comprises a wide range of landscapes that has long been experiencing severe destructions owing to the ignition of natural fire. The bushfire regimes, thus imposed within the region, have also been recognised to significantly influence on the recent structure along with the composition of the overall ecosystem of the area (NSW Government, 2012). Apparently, the frequent incidents of bushfires are considered as one of the major threats for the human life, causing degradation of natural and cultural values of the national parks and reserves that are protected by the NSW National Parks and Wildlife Services (NPWS) (NSW Government, n.d.). It is however worth mentioning that bushfire is a natural incidence, which acts as a cyclical process of bio-diversity as it is able to fertilize lands and increase mineral density in the soil to cultivate better afforestation. Corresponding to the fact, its benefits to the environment are often observed to be limited to its efficient management, aimed at ensuring that the fire remains in its low-intensity scale. To be noted, bushfire extending from its defined intensity scale is categorised as a natural disaster and may cause immense loss to human kind and livestock in the region. This in turn necessitates better and efficient management of bushfire (Geoscience Australia, 2007). Emphasising the long-standing threats from the bushfires in the New South Wales region of Australia, the report tends to critically analyse the major problems associat ed with bushfire and the corresponding steps taken by the NPWS to effectively deal with the persisting issues within the region. In order to provide adequate support to the bushfire, the management processes implemented by the NPWS along with their currently practiced advanced fire management regimes have been critically analysed in this report. Thus, the report would focus not only on the initiatives of NPWS along with critically assess the performance of Rural Fire Service (RFS) to protect lands from bushfire in the respective region. Moreover, the report also encompasses the major influencing factors leading to the frequent incidence of bushfire. The report also analyses the bushfire management planning and measures developed by the agencies towards protecting the natural heritage of Blue Mountains and proposes alternatives. 2. Problems 2.1 Goals The goals of management plans for preventing bushfires in the Blue Mountains region are highly focused on ensuring adequate compliance with the responsibilities of protecting and conserving natural and cultural values of the national parks and reserves. Moreover, the fire management plans of NPWS also encompass towards protecting human life and national properties including buildings, homes and lands (NSW Government, 2012). In relation to the present scenario, regarding the measures taken by NPWS, it has been recognised that the numbers of actions performed by the councils and other public organisations principally aim to prevent the damage from the frequent bushfires. In this regards, ‘hazard management programs’, ‘Record achievement for hazard reduction in national

Ethical Philosophies of Machiavelli and Subramanian Essay Example for Free

Ethical Philosophies of Machiavelli and Subramanian Essay One of the greatest comparisons of all time is to contrast Niccolo Machiavelli’s â€Å"The Prince† with V. K. Subramanian’s â€Å"The Chanakya: Kautilya. † Critically, a look can be taken into several different elements of each author’s work to best compare and contrast them. To that end, a look will be taken at the political, social, and ethical philosophies of Machiavelli and Subramanian to determine how they differ and in which ways the philosophies are similar. Niccolo Machiavelli’s The Prince† in the early 1500’s as a way of adding his insight from what he had seen of politics and hereditary principality—even though â€Å"it was plagiarized during Machiavelli’s lifetime†¦[and] was never published by him†¦[making] the text [itself as] still disputable† (Machiavelli 11). While current versions of â€Å"The Prince† are attributed to him, this fact of plagiarism and publishing fraud make the work even more intriguing, given the subject matter itself. Of the work itself, Machiavelli said that â€Å"I pour myself out as fully as I can in meditation on the subject, discussing what a principality is, what kinds there are, how they can be acquired, how they can be kept, why they are lost; and if any of the fancies ever pleased you, this ought not to displease you; and to a prince, especially to a new one, it should be welcome† (Machiavelli 11). Machiavelli dedicated the work itself to Lorenzo de’ Medici, even after he was put to torture by the family for treachery. Machiavelli’s methods are one of unique significance as he is writing, having been there, in the thick of things. Essentially, â€Å"The Prince† is meant as a guidebook on how to rule in all princely matters for Lorenzo de’ Medici. Machiavelli wrote about how hereditary principalities worked, how to keep that inheritance, and even how a prince could gain a new principality, and how a prince should rule his people and act, as a prince, and politically. While Machiavelli essentially confined his writings to obtaining fortune, keeping and obtaining power, and virtue as a leader, a look can be taken into his writings to discover the philosophies beneath his ideas. In comparison, V. K. Subramanian’s â€Å"The Chanakya: Kautilya† was published in 1980 about and are translated from are translated from three works known as the â€Å"Chankyasutras,† the â€Å"Chankyanitidarpan† and the â€Å"Arthshastra† and are based upon the time in history around 300 BC. The intro of Subramanian’s work notes that â€Å"Chanakya, also known as Kautilya and Vishnugupta was the famous Indian Machiavelli who was responsible for the overthrow of the last ruler of the Nada Dynasty and the enthronement of Chandragupta Maurya†¦there is an interesting story about Chanakya’s first encounter with Chandragupta, which ultimately ended in their collaboration and capture of power† (Subramanian 1). Subramanian’s work, then, is a direct reflection of Machiavelli’s own. What makes them similar, however, despite the men within the tales, is the philosophies shared between the two. Machiavelli’s political philosophy is perhaps the easiest to pinpoint as the very purpose of his work revolved around the necessity of a prince to reign successfully. Machiavelli, actually, mainly focused on the political aspects of maintaining and gaining principalities. He notes that â€Å"let any one now consider with what little difficulty the king could have maintained his position in Italy had he observed the rules above laid down, and kept all his friends secure and protected; for although they were numerous they were both weak and timid, some afraid of the Church†¦and thus they would always have been forced to stand in with him, and by their means he could easily have made himself secure against those who remained powerful† (30). Machiavelli is urging his prince to take note of the past and understand that had the king protected his weaker neighbors, he would have not only gained them as allies—but also could have gained them as part of his reign. And, at all costs, he should protect his allies as he would protect his own lands. Politically, being a stronger power, he would have been made into the â€Å"leader,† who they would be indebted to and would follow with more loyalty than any money could purchase. And, to Machiavelli, the art of gaining allies and principalities, even de facto ones, was the art to be achieved. Even more so, Subramanian’s fourth maxim entitled â€Å"Advisors, Aides, Counselors, Ministers,† notes that â€Å"after equipping oneself fully, one should seek an ally (aide), one without an advisor has no certainty of counsel, one wheel does not move (the vehicle), the true aide serves alike in prosperity and adversity, a self respecting ruler should appoint as counselor, one who is inferior to him, and respects him†¦deflection to the enemy takes place due to negligence† (22-25). In this, Subramanian agrees wholeheartedly with Machiavelli’s statements. To be a successful ruler, allies must be taken and protected, first and foremost, before true rule can begin. The reason being, that with allies, a force become much stronger, incrementally, with each ally added. Furthermore, each ally must be protected and cared for to ensure their cooperation—but with that cooperation comes an extended kingdom. Indeed, Machiavelli’s social philosophy can be found within his writings on obtaining fortune. Machiavelli writes that â€Å"principalities are either hereditary, in which the family has been long established; or they are new†¦. such dominions thus acquired are either accustomed to live under a prince, or to live in freedom; and are acquired either by the arms of the prince himself, or of others, or else by fortune or by ability† (21). Machiavelli is commenting, simply, that the way in which a prince gains land is two-fold: either he inherits it or he fights for it. The manner in which the prince gains and obtains his land, however, is what makes the prince either beloved by his people or hated. For Machiavelli, gaining the most principalities possible by virtuous means was the ideal result. And, as he instructed his prince, it was best to be good, socially, if any hopes of maintaining that principality are held. In fact, Machiavelli comments that, for example, â€Å"Louis the Twelfth, King of France, quickly occupied Milan, and as quickly lost it; and to turn him out the first time it only needed Lodovico’s own forces; because those who had opened the gates to him, finding themselves deceived in their hopes of future benefit, would not endure the ill-treatment of the new prince† (23). Moreover, â€Å"it is very true that, after acquiring rebellious provinces a second time, they are not so lightly lost afterwards, because the prince, with little reluctance, takes the opportunity of the rebellion to punish the delinquents, to clear out the suspects, and to strengthen himself in the weakest places† (24). Thus, not only is it important for a prince to be clear in his occupation in a land, to become most beloved, he must first get rid of the troublemakers—thus leaving the peaceable, and willing to be occupied. If a prince does not take this step, he is left in hostile territory with people willing to stage an overthrow. On contrast, Subramanian writes out a few of the maxims of Chanakya, citing that â€Å"economic prosperity creates prosperity for the people, if the people are prosperous, even a leaderless state can be governed, people’s fury is the greatest of furies†¦[and] to be without a master is better than having an arrogant master† (22). In this, the two authors cannot be more different from the other. Machiavelli believes that the first step of any prince should be to take a firm grasp upon his principalities, to conquer new ones, and to rout the dissenters by force before they can rally for an overthrow. Machiavelli believes that by getting rid of the rebellious people before they can act, a leader can sustain and mark his position within his land, taking charge before the people even really know that it has happened. Then, once all the rebellion has been stamped out, a leader can begin to make his land prosperous. However, Subramanian cites a very different kind of social philosophy, making note that a leader might as well not exist if he intends to be a tyrant to the people, that a people have more respect for a man intent on prosperity, first, and rebellion last. Because, in an attempt to rout the dissenters, a leader would make a dent on the value the people hold for him—and thus their fury would remain. To really be a true leader and be beloved by his land, a leader must intend on affluence and prosperity as his bottom line. Finally, Machiavelli’s ethical and moral philosophy requires the most interpretation to highlight significantly. As Machiavelli writes about virtue in a leader, instructing a prince on how to act and behave, an ethical philosophy is formed. On contrast, Subramanian’s ethical philosophy stems from his ethical roots maxim that states â€Å"righteousness is the root of happiness, wealth is the root of righteousness, the state of the root is wealth, victory over senses is the root of the state, humility is the root of sense control, worship of elders is the root of humility, wisdom results from the worship of elders, with wisdom one can prosper, the prosperous one becomes the victorious one†¦[and] the victorious one obtains all the riches† (21-22). Despite it’s cryptic fortune-cookie nature, Subramanian’s writings do indeed have a fine message on ethical philosophy, here. In explicating the words, Subramanian is saying that to be a good leader, on must first be righteous, but to be righteous, one must first have wealth, to have wealth, one must first have victory, to have victory, one must first have humility, to have humility, one must listen to their elders to obtain wisdom, and with that wisdom a leader can prosper and be victorious in all they seek to achieve. The value here, is that Subramanian notes the significance of wisdom in all things. Without wisdom and following and heeding the elders who have come before, a leader stands no chance of being successful. Morally, a leader is obligated to his people to be triumphant so that the land can prosper, but without wisdom, a leader is nothing to his people but a tyrant. Subramanian says what Machiavelli does not. To Machiavelli, leading a people, by first disposing of the bad ones, is the best way for a prince to prosper in his lands. While he encourages his prince to be sound and wise, he first sends out the encouragement that the prince must always guard his assets, for fear of being overthrown or taken down by a greater force. To Machiavelli, obtaining land and prospering was, essentially, about war. To win that war, a prince had to be wise, and indeed, listen to his elders as well, but not in the ethical sense. Machiavelli meant for the prince to watch out for himself, first and foremost, and then, once the land became prosperous, Machiavelli encouraged the prince to be good to his people so that they would love him and understand that they were prosperous because of him. To Machiavelli, the ethical philosophy came last, after conquering and protecting one’s principalities. Overall, one of the greatest comparisons of all time is to contrast Niccolo Machiavelli’s â€Å"The Prince† with V. K. Subramanian’s â€Å"The Chanakya: Kautilya. † Taking a look at several different elements of each author’s work critically revealed a great level of significance as to their philosophies on politics, socially, and even ethically. Politically, Machiavelli and Subramanian follow the same philosophy, which intends a leader to find and protect allies first and foremost. As to social philosophy, however, the two authors cannot be more different. Machiavelli intends his prince to take charge and stamp out rebellion, while Subramanian cites that prosperity and kindness should be shown towards the new land. And finally, ethically, the two authors also differ. Machiavelli is intent on a prince who focuses on war and conquering new lands, and in this way a leader can gain wisdom and insight—however, to Subramanian, wisdom only comes by following one’s elders. Morally, a leader is obligated to his people to be triumphant so that the land can prosper, but without wisdom, a leader is nothing to his people but a tyrant. Works Cited. Machiavelli, Niccolo. The Prince. Trns. W. K. Marriott. New York: Plain Label Books, 1910. Subramanian, V. K. Maxims of Chanakya: Kautilya. India: Abhinav Publications, 1980.

My Hospital Experience | Short Story

My Hospital Experience | Short Story I know youre always thinking on the good side, and youre thinking everyone good should be treated well, and everyone bad, like criminals, shouldnt be here. But, sometimes, good people have bad things done to them, for unknown reasons. Rarely, no one is doing it to them, most of the time its a bad thing. My story is different, extremely different. Its not something normal, its something unknown.. Im a really good person. I have great grades, I try to stop fights with no violence, but merely talking it out, I have nice friends, and Ive only visited to principals office to pick something up. But, Ive had something horrible done to me. You know how you get a cold? Yeah, I had gotten sick, not with a cold, but an unknown illness that caused me to actually go to the hospital, and it seemed like I had to get brain surgery. Nothing compared to cold, right there. Youre probably thinking, Brain Surgery? What happened!? Well, you see, it all started out on a hot school-day. I noticed my eyes moving back and forth, in an unseen speed, on the way to lunch. Of course, Id freak out, but this was school! I just closed my eyes for a bit, and opened them after, and it seemed like nothing had even happen. I thought it was just my imagination. But, it did get worse. Weeks later, it happened again. I was at a hotels pool, and it was happened when I and my mother were walking back to the room. My eyes flickered back and forth, and I was staring directly at her. Her face changed from once enjoyment to a reaction of worry and anger. She told me, Stop that, youre going to hurt yourself. I asked her, Stop what? She steadied her eyes, That eye thing, dont play dumb. I sighed, Oh, Im not doing that on purpose. The conversation just stopped there. We went inside, and I think we both just ignored it, I think.. This so-called eye trick wasnt going to stop any time soon. I had finally thought it had took its toll and found its way out of my system.. But, I was so wrong.. This nightmare had only begun. Later that school-year, Spring Break to be exact, my eyes flickered back and forth in front of my mother again, even longer this time, and I couldnt even stop it when I closed my eyes! I was terrified, and my mother told me she was taking me to the hospital. I really didnt want her to do that, because I was worried about how much by money she had, and I really didnt want to be a burden, but I didnt really have a choice. Much later, on a rainy ride that seemed to be forever, we finally reached Camden Medical Center. My mother took me inside, holding my hand in a firm and tight grip and told them what was happening. She signed in, and we waited patiently in the room, sitting down. A small wait later, they got a wheel-chair and took me inside the emergency room. My mind was numb, and I couldnt really think straight, so many things were going on at one time. All I remember was having an IV in one of my arms, and I waited for something in a hospital bed, with a clean, heated blanket on me. Again, I still couldnt figure out what was going on, but they put me into a gurney and put me inside of the ambulance and told me everything was going to be okay. I just lied down, and closed my eyes. I knew the other doctors in the ambulance were saying things, but I couldnt hear them that well.. The ride seemed long, but short at the same time. I could still feel my mother holding my hand as we reached the next hospital. I only remember opening my eyes, inside of a room, laying on a hospital bed. I could tell my parents were worried for me. I didnt know why, though. A doctor came inside and told me I needed brain surgery. I was terrified inside, and I wanted to cry and scream, but I just agreed and nodded when he told me I needed to do some tests. There was many tests during that while in the hospital. Blood tests, scanning tests, x-rays, a spinal tap, and other tests I dont remember.. My family came in a lot, when a test was done and I could go back to my room. I really just wanted to go home.. I was so tired of the hospital, but I couldnt leave.. I didnt feel tortured, I just felt trapped. I wanted to leave so bad, but I couldnt I felt like I was a caged animal for some wacky scientist to test on. For two weeks that seemed like the days would not end, I was told that white blood cells were attacking my cerebellum that caused my eyes to move back and forth, so they told me I just needed some steroid s and I think a few more tests before I could go home. I was so happy, I could finally leave. For two days, the nurses gave me steroids and I felt a burning in my wrists, but I just didnt care for it. I was going to go home.. I could finally go back to school.. After those days, I was finally allowed to go home. I was taken out of the hospital in a wheel-chair, and I crawled into the back of my fathers car. It took a couple of hours before we were home, but when we were, I smiled with glee and tried to run inside, but I could only stride. Days seemed normal, and after the weekend, I was informed that I could return to school! This normal thing continued until I had been able to go into the sixth grade, and I was told near the middle of the school year I needed a shot, and I didnt get it. So, I spoke of the truth and told them I didnt know, and I got a slip and took it to my mother.. But, apparently, I cant get this shot because of the incident at the hospital. So, I have to wait and continue my school year until two school years have passed. Now, because of that terrible misfortune of trouble in the hospital, I have to been home schooled.. Great, just peachy, I thought my year of bad luck was over. It just goes to show, life isnt fair at times, even if youve never done anything wrong. The Red Convertible | Literature Analysis The Red Convertible | Literature Analysis The power of relationships is a very powerful force. It can change the course of one persons life or the lives of many people in a positive or negative manner. The connection between family members is especially strong and it is believed that it can stand the test of almost anything that is thrown towards the family members. However, this is not always true. There are many things that can tear apart relationships and ties within a family, such as war and death. Death simply severs the relationship very bluntly and devastates a family. War can cause a soldier to act differently towards their relationships and to never be able to become their old selves again. In the story of The Red Convertible by Louise Eldrich, the very same happens to brothers Henry and Lyman Lamartine. Henrys appearance, the photograph of the brothers, and convertible symbolize the change in their relationship from the time before and after Henry goes to war. Henrys physical appearance has changed since coming home from war, as well as how he acts around his family. After coming home from war, Henry wore the same outfit everyday. He wore his army jacket and his army boots, and he never took them off. This unwillingness to change out of his army clothes shows that Henry feels that he is permanently connected to the war. Generally when soldiers wear their army clothes, even after they arrived home, it signifies their need to go back into combat because it is all that they had come to know and that they do not know anything outside of combat. It is often thought that soldiers feel the need to go back to combat so that they can die within a situation that they had come to know. Additionally, the soldiers that are able to return back home feel guilty for living and want to go back to war to die so that they can get rid of the guilt they feel. The army boots that Henry wears constantly brings about his literal death with Lyman describing, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦his boots filled with water on a windy nightà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (394) and Henry drowning as the result. The boots also symbolize the war and since the boots filled up with water and caused the death of Henry, the war itself drowned Henry. Henry was not able, or rather was unwilling to save himself from drowning, the weight of the horrors of wars. Henrys personality changed since coming home from war. He used to be a carefree young man that would joke around with his brother, such as when he went to Alaska and joked, I always wondered what it was like to have long pretty hair.' (395) when they discovered that Susy had hair that reached the ground. Lyman recalls these times and notices the change in his brother from being playful and happy-go-lucky to a man that cannot laugh anymore, stating Hed always had a joke, then, too, and now you couldnt get him to laughà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (3 96). Henry also could not sit still after coming home from war, probably fearing that if he sat still for too long then the images of war would creep back into his head. The photograph that is taken by their younger sister Bonita indicates the change that Henry underwent prior to the war and after coming home from the war. The picture shows the contrast in their personalities after Henry returns. Lyman describes himself as being à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦right out in the sun, big and round. (398), showing that Lymans soul is whole and content with life, while Henry is described as having à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦shadows on his face as deep as holes. (398), indicating that is soul is scarred and broken from what he experienced while at war. This photography also introduces the first time that Henry smiles since coming home. His smile is described as if it à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦looked as like it might have hurt his face. (398) and this represents the aftermath of the war and the inability to be truly happy again. The convertible epitomizes the freedom that Henry and Lyman experienced and their relationship between each other. The freedom they experience is shown by the road trip they had the summer before Henry was drafted to war. This freedom that they had before the war is destroyed by the war. Henrys refusal to do anything with the car shows his feeling of losing his freedom and that he feels that he is a slave to the war. Both brothers were untroubled by the worries of the world and traveled around the United States together. Their relationship becomes stronger after they bought the convertible, repaired the car, and traveled around. After coming back from war, Henry loses interest in the convertible and more importantly, his brother. The convertible also represents the war-torn relationships of soldiers. Lymans destruction of the convertible after he had spent a great deal of time and money on fixing it up represents the broken relationship between the brothers. When Henry confronts his younger brother about it, Henry claims, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦when I left, that car was running like a watch. Now I dont even know I can get it to start again, let alone get it anywhere near its old condition. (397). Henry is communicating that he does not know how to fix the broken relationship with his brother and that he is uncertain of the future of their relationship. Henry also knows that he cannot restore their relationship back to the way it was before. When Henry works on fixing the car, it shows his attempt to fix his brotherly relationship to the best of his ability and Henrys reasoning for trying to fix his relationship is his realization of his brothers love. When Henry enters into the river intentionally drowning, the bond that the brothers shared was severed. Lyman is left the convertible, which Henry had fixed for him. Lyman pushed it into the river to that he does not have to carry the guilt of not being able to save his brother. The relationship between Henry and Lyman is struck a deadly blow by the Vietnam War. Henry and Lymans relationship undergoes a transformation with the significance in change in appearance of Henry, a photograph of the brothers after the war, and the convertible that they purchased together. Henrys appearance signifies his attachment to the war he left behind in a different country and this affected how he interacted with his brother. His boots were symbolic of the war causing his death, even though he was not in Vietnam when he died. The photograph of Lyman and Henry compares how the brothers differed after Henrys return from war. The convertible indicates the actual relationship between the brothers and how the condition of the car reflects the integrity of their relationship.

Basketball In Colleges Essay -- essays research papers

U.S. school and college basketball (Summary of the Jackie Miranda Article) Basketball at the school and college level developed from a structured, rigid game in the early days to one that is often fast-paced and high-scoring. Individual skills improved markedly, and although basketball continued to be regarded as the ultimate team game, individualistic, one-on-one performers came to be not only accepted but used as an effective means of winning games. In the early years games were frequently won with point totals of less than 30, and the game, from the spectator's viewpoint, was slow. Once a team acquired a modest lead the popular tactic was to stall the game by passing the ball without trying to score, in an attempt to run out the clock. The NBC, seeing the need to discourage such slow-down tactics, instituted a number of rule changes. In 1932-33 a line was drawn at mid-court and the offensive team was required to advance the ball past it within 10 seconds or lose possession. Five years later, in 1937-38, the centre jump following each field goal or free throw was eliminated. Instead, the defending team was permitted to inbound the ball from the out-of-bounds line underneath the basket. Nearly four decades passed before an alteration of like magnitude was made in the college game. After experimentation the NCAA Rules Committee installed a 45-second shot clock in 1985, restricting the time a team could control the ball before shoo ting, and one year later implemented a three-point shot rule for baskets made beyond a distance of 19 feet nine inches. More noticeable alteration in the game came both at the playing and coaching levels. Stanford University's Hank Luisetti was the first to use and popularize the one-hand shot in the late 1930s. Until then the only outside attempts were two-handed push shots. In the 1950s and 1960s a shooting style evolved from Luisetti's push-off one hander to a jump shot, which is released at the top of the jump. West Virginia University guard Jerry West and Purdue University's Rick Mount were two players who demonstrated the devastating effectiveness of this shot. Coaching strategy changed appreciably over the years. Frank W. Keaney, coach at Rhode Island University from 1921 to 1948, is credited with introducing the concept of "fast breaking" basketball, in which the offensive team rushes the ball up... ... telecast nationwide by cable networks, generating both revenue and tremendous exposure. In the evolution of college basketball the darkest hours have been related to gambling scandals, the most serious of which arose in 1951. But in the 1960s, '70s, and '80s the game was again touched by the problem. Also, as the game began to draw more attention and generate more income, the pressure to win intensified, resulting in an outbreak of incidents of rule violations, especially with regard to recruitment of star players. New York City basketball writers organized the first National Invitation Tournament (NIT) in 1938, but a year later the New York City colleges took control of the event. Until the early 1950s, the NIT was considered the most prestigious U.S. tournament, but with the growth of the college-run NCAA championship, the NIT became a consolation event for teams that failed to make the NCAA selections. Originally all teams in the NIT were invited to New York City and the games were played in Madison Square Garden. From the early 1980s, however, the first three rounds were played at regional or campus sites before the final four teams were brought to New York City.

Alcoholic Beverage

It is powerful and addictive this liquid is taken orally and often consumed in bundant quantities. Surveys say that adolescents and young adults are likely to drink. There are three basic types of alcoholic drinks are: Beer, Wine, Spirit. Their difference is what each is made of and percentage of alcohol content. Beer is made from fermented grains and has 3 to 6 percent of alcohol content while is made from fermented fruits and have alcohol content of 11 to 14 percent. Spirits are made from fermented distilling products. It usually contains 40-50 percent of alcohol.American Council Education says 12 ounce glass of beer, 5 ounces of wine and 1. 5 ounce shots f spirits contains the same amount of alcohol. Beer, wine and spirit have the same potential for intoxication and addiction. When a person consumes alcohol the drug acts on nerve cells deep in the brain. These are the well known signs that a person is drunk: the smell of alcohol on breath, irritability, loss of physical coordinati on, violent behaviour, loss of balance, incoherent speech, loss of consciousness, slowed thinking, blackouts, and Euphoria, an extreme happiness.According to the American Psychiatric Association, (1994) that alcohol use is continued despite knowledge of aving a persistent or recurrent physical or psychological problem that is likely to have been caused or exacerbated by alcohol. Frequent binge drinking or getting severely drunk more than twice is classed as alcohol misuse. According to research done through international surveys, the heaviest drinkers happen to be the United Kingdom's adolescent generation. Alcohol abuse affects about 10% of women and 20% of men in the United States, most beginning by their mid-teens.In Antipolo City, Philippines, many teenagers are now facing the problems of being addicted to alcoholic beverages. One major cause is depression and family problems. Teenagers who are facing this kind of problem suffer in terms of heath like disorders in their eating h abits. Other illnesses and diseases which they may have are liver cancer, migraines, and various sicknesses associated with their physiques. Where an alcoholic has experienced a sense of withdrawal in the same time period. According to http://www. sciencedaily. com/articles /a/alcoholism. tm alcoholism is the consumption of preoccupation with alcoholic beverage to the extent that this behaviour interferes. The chronic alcohol caused by alcoholism can result in sychological or physiological disorder. It is also called world's mostly drug use problems. Alcoholism is often progressive diseases says Ehrlich (2011). A person who is alcoholic typically craves for alcohol and drink and increases his tolerance for alcohol stated by Stoppler (2011) For this reason according to Langham (2010) they are causes of teen alcoholism depend on genetics and life experienced.Teens begin drinking before the age 15 according to Butler (2006) are more likely to develop a dependency on alcohol than those who begin drinking 21 years old. According to Langham (2010) following reason of alcoholism in teens is: Genetics or Family History, meaning a teenager comes from families who its family members are addictive in or emotional abuse in home but also in school. Another basis of alcoholism in teens is peer pressure, teens experience this kind of reason when a teenager feels that she or he is not accepted because there is something wrong to his or her personality or maybe he or she becomes alcoholic because of friends.Lack of parental support is one of the sources, teenager who regularly experiences this kind of trait is a person ho regularly experience harsh discipline, criticism, hostility and rejection of his or her parents and the foremost reason of alcoholism in teens is depression, a teenager convince himself or herself that alcohol will take away his or her sadness and make her feel better stated by Boyles (2012).If its so, this causes may lead to some teenagers in different dange rous effect like: decreasing of paying attention, difficulties in memory, drunk driving, suicide attempt, engaged in sexual activity , poor hygiene, breaking curfews, Hiding in their room, becoming verbally or physically busive toward others according to Palmera (2009)To understand teenagers. Parekh (2009) says that parents seek for understanding; they must always use the open communication for teens. To care by letting them be who they are, gaining the trust of the adolescent.

Essay on Autonomous Car Services for SingaporeEssay Writing Service

Essay on Autonomous Car Services for SingaporeEssay Writing Service Essay on Autonomous Car Services for Singapore Essay on Autonomous Car Services for SingaporeThe transportation system of Singapore is well-developed but commuters use public transportation and taxis mainly. In this regard, the niche of the autonomous car services for Singapore is free and open for the entry. This is why the introduction of autonomous car services for Singapore is an effective way to launch business successfully.The development of the new business focuses on the provision of customers with hiring autonomous car services. Cars will be available to customers in parking lots, where customers can take their cars from. They can hire cars online and take the car after the payment is made. Customers can use the car as long as they need and return the car to the parking lot after the expiration of the hiring time customers have paid for. Cars will be equipped with the autonomous navigation system, such as GIS and GPS. As a result, customers will not need a taxi or a driver. Instead, they will be able to drive their cars themselves and remain autonomous.Exclusivity is one of the main advantages of the new services because no other rival in Singapore offers autonomous car services. Customers can enjoy the comfort of using their cars as taxi but they will be able to use the hired cars as long as they want and pay lower costs for using the cars. The available navigation system will help customers to get to their destination and travel throughout Singapore autonomously.Advanced scheduling for pickups is another advantage of the new service since customers will be able to schedule pickups accurately and respectively to their needs and wants. They can enjoy using their cars and get access to their cars wherever and whenever they want.In addition, no human interaction is required because customers will not need to waste their time on the extra communication with the personnel of the company. Instead, they will just make the order online and get the car whenever and wherever they need it. Therefore, they ca n use autonomous car services as if cars are their own for the time they pay for. No human interaction will also help the company to save costs on the personnel since the company will not need to employ new professionals to deliver autonomous car services.Furthermore, the company ensures the protection of the customer privacy. They will not uncover their private information to the third parties. Moreover, even the personnel of the company will have the limited access to the private information of customers. Therefore, customers’ privacy will be fully protected.At the same time, convenience is another advantage of the new service because customers will enjoy the simple ordering system and the fast delivery of their cars. They will not waste their time on negotiations but make all transactions online and get their cars.Finally, autonomous car services offer customers the high level of safety since all customers will be ensured and they will use safe and reliable cars. Cars will undergo technical testing regularly to ensure that they will function properly and without problems.Thus, the new services that can be introduced in Singapore open new opportunities for the successful business development. Autonomous car services are attractive for investments and can bring considerable benefits.

Medieval Food Preservation Methods

Medieval Food Preservation Methods For centuries before the medieval period, and for centuries afterward, human beings in all parts of the world used a variety of methods to preserve foods for later consumption. Europeans in the Middle Ages were no exception. A society that was largely agrarian would be keenly aware of the need to store up provisions against the ominous threats of famine, drought, and warfare. The possibility of disaster wasnt the only motive for preserving food. Dried, smoked, pickled, honeyed, and salted foods had their own particular flavors, and many recipes survive detailing how to prepare foods that have been stored with these methods. Preserved foods were also much easier for the sailor, soldier, merchant, or pilgrim to transport. For fruits and vegetables to be enjoyed out of season, they had to be preserved; and in some regions, a particular foodstuff could only be enjoyed in its preserved form, because it didnt grow (or wasnt raised) nearby. Virtually any kind of food could be preserved. How it was done depended on what type of food it was and whether a particular effect was desired. Here are some of the methods of food preservation used in medieval Europe. Drying Foods to Preserve Them Today we understand that moisture allows for the rapid microbiological growth of bacteria, which is present in all fresh foods and which causes them to decay. But it isnt necessary to understand the chemical process involved in order to observe that food that is wet and left in the open will quickly start to smell and attract bugs. So it should come as no surprise that one of the oldest methods of preserving foods known to man is that of drying it. Drying was used to preserve all sorts of foods. Grains like rye and wheat were dried in the sun or air before being stored in a dry place. Fruits were sun-dried in warmer climes and oven-dried in cooler regions. In Scandinavia, where temperatures were known to plunge below freezing in the winter, cod (known as stockfish) were left out to dry in the cold air, usually after they were gutted and their heads were removed. Meat could also be preserved through drying, usually after cutting it into thin strips and lightly salting it. In warmer regions, it was a simple matter to dry meat under the hot summer sun, but in cooler climates, air drying could be done at most times of the year, either outdoors or in shelters that kept away the elements and flies. Preserving Foods With Salt Salting was the most common way to preserve virtually any type of meat or fish, as it drew out the moisture and killed the bacteria. Vegetables might be preserved with dry salt, as well, though pickling was more common. Salt was also used in conjunction with other methods of preservation, such as drying and smoking. One method of salting meat involved pressing dry salt into pieces of meat, then layering the pieces in a container (like a keg) with dry salt completely surrounding each piece. If meat was preserved this way in cold weather, which slowed down the decomposition while the salt had time to take effect, it could last for years. Vegetables were also preserved by layering them in salt and placing them in a sealable container such as an earthenware crock. Another way to preserve food with salt was to soak it in a salt brine. While not as effective a long-term method of preservation as packing in dry salt, it served very well to keep food edible through a season or two. Salt brines were also part of the pickling process. Whatever method of salt preservation was used, the first thing a cook did when he got ready to prepare the salted food for consumption was soaking it in fresh water to remove as much of the salt as possible. Some cooks were more conscientious than others when it came to this step, which could take several trips to the well for fresh water. And it was next to impossible to remove all the salt, no matter how much soaking was done. Many recipes took this saltiness into account, and some were designed specifically to counteract or complement the salt flavor. Still, most of us would find preserved medieval food much saltier than anything were used to today. Smoking Meat and Fish Smoking was another fairly common way to preserve meat, especially fish and pork. Meat would be cut into relatively thin, lean strips, immersed briefly in a salt solution  and hung over a fire to absorb the smoke flavoring as it dried - slowly. Occasionally meat might be smoked without a salt solution, especially if the type of wood burned had a distinctive flavoring of its own. However, salt was still very helpful because it discouraged flies, inhibited the growth of bacteria, and hastened the removal of moisture. Pickling Foods Immersing fresh vegetables and other foods in a liquid solution of salt brine was a fairly common practice in medieval Europe. In fact, although the term pickle didnt come into use in English until the late Middle Ages, the practice of pickling goes back to ancient times. Not only would this method preserve fresh food for months so that it could be eaten out of season, but it could infuse it with strong, piquant flavors. The simplest pickling was done with water, salt and an herb or two, but a variety of spices and herbs as well as the use of vinegar, verjuice or (after the 12th century) lemon led to a range of pickling flavors. Pickling might require boiling the foods in the salt mixture, but it could also be done by simply leaving the food items in an open pot, tub or vat of salt brine with the desired flavorings for hours and sometimes days. Once the food had been thoroughly infused by the pickling solution, it was placed in a jar, crock, or another airtight container, sometimes with a fresh brine but often in the juice in which it had marinated. Confits Although the term confit has come to refer to virtually any food that has been immersed in a substance for preservation (and, today, can sometimes refer to a type of fruit preserve), in the Middle Ages confits were potted meat. Confits were most usually, but not solely, made from fowl or pork (fatty fowl like goose were particularly suitable). To make a confit, the meat was salted and cooked for a very long time in its own fat, then allowed to cool in its own fat. It was then sealed up in its own fat, of course and stored in a cool place, where it could last for months. Confits should not be confused with comfits, which were sugar-coated nuts and seeds eaten at the end of a banquet to freshen the breath and aid the digestion. Sweet Preserves Fruits were often dried, but a far more tasty method of preserving them past their season was to seal them up in honey. Occasionally, they might be boiled in a sugar mixture, but sugar was an expensive import, so only the cooks of the wealthiest families were likely to use it. Honey had been used as a preservative for thousands of years, and it wasnt limited to preserving fruit; meats were also stored in honey on occasion. Fermentation Most methods of preserving food involved stopping or slowing down the process of decay. Fermentation accelerated it. The most common product of fermentation was alcohol wine was fermented from grapes, mead from honey, beer from grain. Wine and mead could keep for months, but beer had to be drunk fairly quickly. Cider was fermented from apples, and the Anglo-Saxons made a drink called perry from fermented pears. Cheese is also a product of fermentation. Cows milk could be used, but the milk from sheep and goats was a more common source for cheese in the Middle Ages. Freezing and Cooling The weather of the greater part of Europe throughout much of the Middle Ages was rather temperate; in fact, there is often some discussion of the medieval warm period overlapping the end of the Early Middle Ages and the beginning of High Medieval Europe (the exact dates depend on who you consult). So freezing was not an obvious method of preserving foods. However, most areas of Europe did see snowy winters, and freezing was at times a viable option, especially in northern regions. In castles and large homes with cellars, an underground room could be used to keep foods packed in winter ice through the cooler spring months and into the summer. In the long, frigid Scandinavian winters, an underground room wasnt necessary. Supplying an ice-room with ice was a labor-intensive and sometimes travel-intensive business, so it was not particularly common; but it wasnt completely unknown, either. More common was the use of underground rooms to keep foods cool, the all-important last step of most of the above preservation methods.

How My Local Library Helped Me Get from Jobless and Broke to Six Figures a Year

How My Local Library Helped Me Get from Jobless and Broke to Six Figures a Year In 2008 I had the world I had a good job I loved. I earned a pretty good salary, and was constantly praised What is that old saying about pride going before the fall? Yep, thats exactly what happened. Through no fault of my own, the company I worked for as a high-end retail sales manager went bankrupt. We received no advance notice that they were closing our store. On a Thursday in late June of 2008, it was business as usual. Friday shut down. That was the same year the economy crashed in the United States, creating a perfect storm of financial fear and self-doubt in my life. I sold my car and most of my possessions, so I would have some cash to fall back on in case I didnt find another job right away. To bolster my income as I continued to look for work, I decided to learn about this whole making money online thing. Since I could not even afford a monthly Internet bill, I walked to and from the near I stumbled across a few Internet marketing forums, where I sold articles for as little as $5 or $10. After just over a year of cranking out low-paying work seven days a week, my financial situation slowly began to improve. I persisted. I took online courses and writing classes. That persistence paid off. One of my clients told me I should become a copywriter because my writing converted so well for him. I thanked him, hung up the phone and immediately grabbed my Websters Dictionary. I had no clue what a copywriter was! Almost instantly, I began writing copy instead of content. I realized that copywriting was where I needed to be, and where my natural inclinations and talents belonged. I began offering copywriting services to my clients and cut back on writing content. Fast forward eight long years, and I am on pace to flirt with a six-figure income this year. Whats the take-away from this story? Dont give up when things get tough. Always keep your Big Why in the front of your mind. Ask yourself why you want to earn a living as a writer. Be brutally honest with your answer. Keep asking yourself why, over and over, until you get to the basic motivating factor that drives your writing desires. Was it fun for me, walking in the rain, the cold and the heat, seven days a week to my local library to frequently sit next to some less than desirable people while I taught myself how to make a good living writing online? Of course it wasnt. But it was necessary. Do whatever is necessary to live your dream life. Its not really as hard as you may think. It may take time. It is certainly going to take effort. But the personal empowerment and freedom that the freelance writing lifestyle delivers is worth any cost as long as your Why? is big enough.

Compare and contrast Grand Odalisque and Velazquez's Princess Essay

Compare and contrast Grand Odalisque and Velazquez's Princess - Essay Example The painting also represents an eclectic mix of styles that combine classical form with Romantic themes, which is a contrast to contemporary style and content. â€Å"Las Meninas† (1656) represents a masterpiece of Spanish painting by Diego Velazquez, and one of the most prominent paintings. The painting also doubles up as one of the most controversial and imitated painting in history. The painting depicts a scene from daily life within the palace of Felipe IV in which the Princess is at the centre in the company of her ladies-in-waiting (â€Å"Meninas†). Naturalism of the painting with its impact of spontaneity and relative informality should be understood within the context of Velazquez’s identity as a court painter and a member of the court of Philip IV (Mitchell 58). The painting demonstrates Velazquez skill in the utilization of â€Å"claroscuro† in which the point of light lights up the characters and establishes an order within the composition. I am drawn to these art works owing to the praise and criticism that they draw. Grande Odalisque, for instance, remains one of the Ingres’ most popular nudes given that the anatomical distortions of the odalisque persist to fascinate art fans. The paper compares and contrasts two masterpiece paintings belonging at diverse artistic periods and detailing distinct characteristics of artists’ distinct styles, namely: Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres and Diego Velazquez. Grande Odalisque/Une Odalisque Stylistic Characteristics: Grand Odalisque The painting contains a clear outline and linear style highly typical of the Neoclassic movement; hence, the female figure within the painting is accentuated by light and possess a distinct contour highlighted by the setting of the darker movement. This renders the painting to be highly sensual, realist, and romanticized. Use of space: The body of the nude occupies the entire frame of the canvas in which her head, elbow, and buttock are only few inches away from the edge of the canvas, and her toes extend beyond the bounds of the edge. Techniques: One of the techniques that Ingres employs features his anatomical distortion as seen in the female nude. In Grand Odalisque Ingres drew extended sinuous lines to lengthen her back and pelvis area. Critics claim that the lack of anatomical realism makes her body appears boneless. Use of color: Ingres use of color is carefully planned, whereby he differentiates the warm tones vis a vis the cool colored silk. Lighting: The foreground of painting remains completely unlit heralding focus to the long and affective body of the odalisque. It appears that major spotlight awarded to her body, especially lighting and drawing attention to the areas that he elongates (her arm, back, and pelvis area). Tone: The Grand Odalisque is sensual and erotic, whereby the odalisque is offering herself to the sultan, but offers just a small preview of her body. Brushstroke: Ingres employs tight brushwo rk to attain his near photographic realism. Ingres incorporates the likeness of the texture of the model’s skin, the velvet, and the silk. Cultural Context: Grand Odalisque In the artwork, Ingres has generated a fresh aloof eroticism emphasized by its exotic context. The painting reflects sensual fascination with the orient and portrays his attraction for foreign eroticism. Some art historians cite the elongation of the Odalisque’

English topic paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

English topic paper - Essay Example In case the high schools students are not required to wear school uniforms, parents will be required to spend money on buying fancy clothes for their children. Children will also force their parents to buy fashionable and branded clothes for them so that they could impress their class fellows at school. Hence, if the high school students are required to wear school uniforms, they will not feel the need to spend money on trendy clothes. This will lead to an immense saving on the money spent on buying expensive clothes to be worn at school. Students will not feel the urge to appear cool at school. Thereby, they will not expect their parents to spend money on costly clothes. School uniforms will promote a sense of equality amongst the students. In the schools that do not require their students to wear uniforms, students do judge each other on the bases of the clothes they wear. This promotes superficial values amongst students. Students prefer to make friends with those students who dress up like them. They do avoid students wearing affordable or simple clothes. This leads to the formation of groups and cliques at schools and gives way to much bullying and harassment. However, in case the high school students are made to wear uniforms, they will rather try to judge their class fellows on the basis of their talent and qualities. This will encourage and promote equality amongst students. School uniforms are the best way to protect schools from outsiders. In the recent times there have been many incidents of violence and crime at schools. Many a times the schools are not able to identify the outsiders that enter their premises. This makes it possible for the criminal elements to enter high schools and to commit crimes in schools. School uniforms will help the school authorities identify the outsiders entering their premises. This will allow them to take timely action and will make the schools much safer and secure. Thereby, for the high school

Business management - Starbucks Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Business management - Starbucks - Essay Example Information obtained from http://investor.starbucks.com/phoenix.zhtml?c=99518&p=irol-irhome, also posits to the effect that â€Å"Starbucks purchases and roasts high-quality whole bean coffees and sells them, along with fresh, rich-brewed coffees, Italian-style espresso beverages, cold blended beverages, a variety of complementary food items, a selection of premium teas, and beverage-related accessories and equipment, primarily through company-operated retail stores.† The company also sells coffee products and tea through other channels like licensed retail stores. According to information obtained from its official website, Starbucks was established in 1985 and its operations are mainly guided by its mission statement: â€Å"To inspire and nurture the human spirit—one person, one cup, and one neighbourhood at a time.† The company also strives to be the world’s leader in production of fine coffee. Its success as the world leader in the coffee industry can be attributed to the differentiation strategy it uses. This report will specifically focus on the United States Segment where the company has its own stores as well as licensed stores. Starbucks is very popular in the US and of notable concern is the fact that its operations are also shaped by trade practices as well as regulations such as North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).The economic forces in the US also shape the operations of the company. However, the US operating segment contributed 69% of total net revenues for the fiscal year 2011. 1.1 Task A: ANALYSIS OF STARBUCKS’ EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT This section of the report critically analyses Starbucks’ external environment. PESTEL analysis will be used to analyse the macro environment while Porter’s five forces model will be used to analyse the micro environment. This part of the paper will also identify the opportunities and threats that exist in the external market. 1.2 PESTEL Analysis There are vario us external factors that shape the operations of Starbucks and PESTEL is an acronym for political, economic, social, technological, environmental as well as legal factors impacting on the operations of the organisation and this too is going to be used to carry out the external environmental analysis. The table in index 1 shows the external factors that impact on the operations of the above mentioned company. Starbucks FY11 Annual Report (2011) shows that the company managed to raise the highest amount of revenue of $11, 7 billion from its operations. This is the highest amount of revenue to be generated by the company after the global economic recession that was witnessed in the US around 2007-2009. The success of the company can be attributed to the external factors that are obtaining in the environment where the company operates. As shown in appendix 1, political stability in the US plays a pivotal role in the success of the

Cybersecurity Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Cybersecurity - Coursework Example The convict individuals are known as hackers. Generally, hackers hack others computers with the help of internet for stealing organizational and personal information without any authorization in order to cause certain mental or physical harm to the victim in present or in future. In recent years, the role of cyber security has become quite prominent as has been identified by different nations and organizations throughout the world. Cyber security can play a vital role in order to identity the attempt of any such malicious activities by the cyber criminals and also to stop cybercrime from taking place by devising appropriate security measures. Furthermore, it is also observed that for identifying and punishing cybercrime offenders, government of the United States (US) has enacted certain laws which include â€Å"Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act† (CALEA), Computer Software Privacy and Control Act, Digital Millennium Copyright Act and Electronic Communications Pr ivacy Act among others (Global Legal Resources, 2012). With due consideration to the aspect, the paper intends to state about the motivation of the actors i.e. cyber criminals along with the role of cyber security to prevent cybercrime. ... spect of hacker culture represents the relationship between the hackers and modern society which discloses cultural attitudes about the relationship between the people along with technology (Thomas, 2003). Along with this motivational factor, there are also two factors which include intrinsic and extrinsic motivation further which also motivate hackers to take certain criminal steps. Furthermore, intrinsic motivation can be defined as the type of motivation in which an individual performs for enjoyment or interest rather than for gaining rewards (Woo, 2003). In relation to this aspect, it can be stated that hackers at times hack others’ systems in order to pass their time and to enjoy the situation while hacking. Generally, this influence arises from own-self than that of external influences. Moreover, extrinsic motivation can be defined as the external influences which help to meet the self-esteem. This motivation is devolved by individuals intentionally in order to win certa in rewards such as status, name and money among others (Woo, 2003). It can be observed that for making money, name and status, external motivation can influence hackers to commit such offences that are punishable by law by utilizing their skills in wrong direction. This is because hackers compete with their peers and rivals to earn more money and name. Contextually, it can be stated that the motivation of hackers/actors differ from situation to situation. There are certain factors which motivate hackers to hack others computer which include monetary gain, intellectual challenges, self-expression and peer recognition along with mischief among others. Monetary gain is one of the major causes which motivate cyber criminals to hack accounts prevailing in the banks. It is recognized that at times

Questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Questions - Essay Example Therefore each individual may have unique personalities due to unique life experiences and their interpretations. These are products of the concept of self leading to individual perceptions and feelings which ultimately strive to maintain and enhance the person. As indicated in Roger's theory of self-actualization, the human behavior, which is essentially an expression of human actions in the social environment actually emanates from "self." The concept of self as indicated in Roger is "organized, consistent, conceptual gestalt composed of perceptions of the characteristics" of self and its relationships to others and various other aspects of life along with "the values attached to these perceptions." Therefore self does exist which essentially thrives in personal perceptions, feelings about one's own, perceptions about strengths and weaknesses, and interpretations about interrelations. In this way social experiences and their perceptions in the context of self shape the "self" when it continues to become fulfilled through its natural tendency to encounter new experiences. The concept of self-actualization contends that people can become fully functional with freedom and emotional support leading to a psychological growth. Each individual has a real self comprising of self perceptions and an ideal self which represents the individual's desire gained from experiences. When these two "self"s are congruent without any conflicts there is no need for adjustment leading to a seamless growth of self leading to the fullest possible functioning, where movement toward personality dimensions such as flexibility, autonomy, and self-acceptance are without events. Lack of self-actualization, on the contrary may lead to lack of self-esteem, lack of flexibility, feelings of inferiority, and other negative emotions. Therefore, formation of self values from experiences in public, private, and natural dimensions and the strong senses of these values impart flexibility to personality which can create another opportunity to enrich self. It means ideal and values gained an d perceived from experiences impart new strengths regardless of external or internal pressures. Personality is experienced to be unchanging or perceived to be constant as a result of personal biases and tendency to selectivity in attending those elements of the person's phenomenal field that are consistent with his prior experience. Q4. The role of past experiences in shaping personality: How do life experiences affect personality Since personality is a byproduct of real-world experiences and attachment of meaning to it by self, the personality is considered to be a derivative of experiences and feelings. A person thus will be having various experiences which would continue to shape the personality as the meanings of personal experiences alter. This would mean every individual will have unique past experiences and their subjective interpretations uniquely configured leading to development

Constitutional Rights before and after Arrest Research Paper

Constitutional Rights before and after Arrest - Research Paper Example The sixth Amendment done to the Constitution of United States is the part of the Bill of Rights which put forward privileges associated to the prosecutions of the criminals. An arrest causes the withdrawal of an individual’s freedom by a police man or any individual with an officially authorized permission. Usually an arrest takes place when a person is alleged of carrying out a crime and therefore should be taken into custody. â€Å"Because an arrest is in effect a â€Å"seizure† it must conform to the probable cause and warrant requirements of the Fourth Amendment†(Otis.H.Stephens). According to the author arrests are frequently made in accordance to warrants build on initial inquiries so it is given out by a judge on apparent grounds. A court permits the investigation of a criminal activity by issuing a court order also known as writ. Therefore any investigation or arrest without a legal warrant is unfair and unconstitutional. A person has the right to demand as to why he is being arrested and the kind of allegation against him. An individual must see the warrant to be certain that his name exists on it and to confirm the charges. Moreover the person has the right to be informed of his constitutional rights also known as â€Å"Miranda rights† before he is interrogated after the arrest. These include the right to remain silent and refuse to cooperate without the consultation of your attorney as the police can utilize those answers against the person seized in the court. If an individual doesn’t meet the expense of a lawyer, he has the privilege to get a public defender without any cost and discuss his case with the attorney before further proceeding with the investigation. A person can also say no to every physical or medical test such as breathalyzer, lie detector etc. he also has the permission to contact any relative or important person to inform them about his arrest and so is allowed to make telephone calls. A person ar rested with no warrant is required to be carried quickly before a court official for a credible hearing of the case. Most of the times suspects defend against arrest therefore the police might use physical force or violence to take them in custody. â€Å"The courts have generally recognized that the fourth amendment permits police to use only such force as is â€Å"reasonable† and â€Å"necessary† in effectuating an arrest† (Otis H.Stephens). Therefore the person being suspected should give in without much resistance and has the right to take legal action against the police if they violate this amendment. The fourth amendment has forbidden unfair investigations and seizures of individuals and their possessions without a legal warrant specifying the place to be explored or the person to be arrested. Now as discussed earlier the Fifth Amendment permits an individual to refuse giving a testimony that might convict himself both in judiciary and in answer to interrog ation by the police. It also contains the clause of â€Å"Double Jeopardy’ in which it is not allowed to condemn a person twice for the same allegation. The sixth amendment however points out rights that are relevant in every criminal trial such as the right to an immediate and open hearing by an neutral panel

Cybersecurity Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Cybersecurity - Coursework Example The convict individuals are known as hackers. Generally, hackers hack others computers with the help of internet for stealing organizational and personal information without any authorization in order to cause certain mental or physical harm to the victim in present or in future. In recent years, the role of cyber security has become quite prominent as has been identified by different nations and organizations throughout the world. Cyber security can play a vital role in order to identity the attempt of any such malicious activities by the cyber criminals and also to stop cybercrime from taking place by devising appropriate security measures. Furthermore, it is also observed that for identifying and punishing cybercrime offenders, government of the United States (US) has enacted certain laws which include â€Å"Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act† (CALEA), Computer Software Privacy and Control Act, Digital Millennium Copyright Act and Electronic Communications Pr ivacy Act among others (Global Legal Resources, 2012). With due consideration to the aspect, the paper intends to state about the motivation of the actors i.e. cyber criminals along with the role of cyber security to prevent cybercrime. ... spect of hacker culture represents the relationship between the hackers and modern society which discloses cultural attitudes about the relationship between the people along with technology (Thomas, 2003). Along with this motivational factor, there are also two factors which include intrinsic and extrinsic motivation further which also motivate hackers to take certain criminal steps. Furthermore, intrinsic motivation can be defined as the type of motivation in which an individual performs for enjoyment or interest rather than for gaining rewards (Woo, 2003). In relation to this aspect, it can be stated that hackers at times hack others’ systems in order to pass their time and to enjoy the situation while hacking. Generally, this influence arises from own-self than that of external influences. Moreover, extrinsic motivation can be defined as the external influences which help to meet the self-esteem. This motivation is devolved by individuals intentionally in order to win certa in rewards such as status, name and money among others (Woo, 2003). It can be observed that for making money, name and status, external motivation can influence hackers to commit such offences that are punishable by law by utilizing their skills in wrong direction. This is because hackers compete with their peers and rivals to earn more money and name. Contextually, it can be stated that the motivation of hackers/actors differ from situation to situation. There are certain factors which motivate hackers to hack others computer which include monetary gain, intellectual challenges, self-expression and peer recognition along with mischief among others. Monetary gain is one of the major causes which motivate cyber criminals to hack accounts prevailing in the banks. It is recognized that at times

Constitutional Rights before and after Arrest Research Paper

Constitutional Rights before and after Arrest - Research Paper Example The sixth Amendment done to the Constitution of United States is the part of the Bill of Rights which put forward privileges associated to the prosecutions of the criminals. An arrest causes the withdrawal of an individual’s freedom by a police man or any individual with an officially authorized permission. Usually an arrest takes place when a person is alleged of carrying out a crime and therefore should be taken into custody. â€Å"Because an arrest is in effect a â€Å"seizure† it must conform to the probable cause and warrant requirements of the Fourth Amendment†(Otis.H.Stephens). According to the author arrests are frequently made in accordance to warrants build on initial inquiries so it is given out by a judge on apparent grounds. A court permits the investigation of a criminal activity by issuing a court order also known as writ. Therefore any investigation or arrest without a legal warrant is unfair and unconstitutional. A person has the right to demand as to why he is being arrested and the kind of allegation against him. An individual must see the warrant to be certain that his name exists on it and to confirm the charges. Moreover the person has the right to be informed of his constitutional rights also known as â€Å"Miranda rights† before he is interrogated after the arrest. These include the right to remain silent and refuse to cooperate without the consultation of your attorney as the police can utilize those answers against the person seized in the court. If an individual doesn’t meet the expense of a lawyer, he has the privilege to get a public defender without any cost and discuss his case with the attorney before further proceeding with the investigation. A person can also say no to every physical or medical test such as breathalyzer, lie detector etc. he also has the permission to contact any relative or important person to inform them about his arrest and so is allowed to make telephone calls. A person ar rested with no warrant is required to be carried quickly before a court official for a credible hearing of the case. Most of the times suspects defend against arrest therefore the police might use physical force or violence to take them in custody. â€Å"The courts have generally recognized that the fourth amendment permits police to use only such force as is â€Å"reasonable† and â€Å"necessary† in effectuating an arrest† (Otis H.Stephens). Therefore the person being suspected should give in without much resistance and has the right to take legal action against the police if they violate this amendment. The fourth amendment has forbidden unfair investigations and seizures of individuals and their possessions without a legal warrant specifying the place to be explored or the person to be arrested. Now as discussed earlier the Fifth Amendment permits an individual to refuse giving a testimony that might convict himself both in judiciary and in answer to interrog ation by the police. It also contains the clause of â€Å"Double Jeopardy’ in which it is not allowed to condemn a person twice for the same allegation. The sixth amendment however points out rights that are relevant in every criminal trial such as the right to an immediate and open hearing by an neutral panel

Successful people Essay Example for Free

Successful people Essay Failure is not what sets us apart from the successful individuals around us, but it is how we see and what we do about this failure that makes us outshine them. I finished high school in a public school, but I have never seen this as a deduction from my character or my knowledge. However scarce resources were back then, I managed to perform well. It was not until I was in college when I had my first encounter with failure. I only passed one course, out of the five that I was taking. This made me question my own belief system and how I managed the academic aspect of my life. I know that at one point I did something unacceptable to my own standards. Once I have realized my gaffe I was willing to make up for it. As I tried to recuperate from my letdown, it dawned on me that one of my teachers embarrassed me in front of the whole class and questioned my ability and the lack thereof, leaving me with feelings of resentment. Instead of being supportive and encouraging me, she did the opposite. I have always had the assumption that educators educate children, not make them feel inferior to them because of the numerical measurement of their abilities. Educators are not only teaching concepts, they teach life. And what she taught me was that I did not have what it takes to be better. This is when I realized that I wanted to change what she does, and I wanted to be that change. I deem that I can become a better educator than her, especially to the underserved students because I understand what they go through and I empathize, not pull them down more. I will be able to see from their viewpoint because I grew up in a place like this and can relate to them by utilizing my familiarity with the culture and my personal experiences as a means of teaching. This realization, along with my lifelong passion to share my knowledge and experiences, has led me to the dream of becoming a teacher. If I can show these students my passion for education through a context that they can understand, I can help change their lives. My own failure made me realize why education is vital to everybody. It teaches about life and about the failures that we get to encounter along the way and how to remain standing even after all that’s happened. I worked hard when I was in high school, not because I am underserved, but because I know there’s much more to life than just being caught in a place like this, knowing that I could do better. A lot of these children think that they do not warrant a beautiful future ahead, because of where they came from. But, I can be the example of that beautiful future, I struggled, I was victorious, I went downhill, but I was strong enough to get back on track again. If I can, so can them.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Cryopreservation

Advantages and Disadvantages of Cryopreservation In the world of science this two procedures Vitrification and Slow cooling are use to keep the biological materials such as cells, bone marrow , DNA etc at the low temperature , when compared to their normal temperatures. These two procedures will come under the Cryobiology. Cryobiology: It is the study of life below the low temperature. Background: In the centuries 2500 BC this was used by the people of Egypt for the medical purpose. They used to stop the bleeding and injuries during the injuries. In the latter centuries this was brought into popular by Robert Boyle. For the first time it was the Christopher Polge who used the bull sperm in cryopreservation. The 1970s brought great development in cryobiology by Zeo Layland who brought Slow Cooling technique which laid a path to the birth of first human embryo frozen, which latter used all over the world for the animals, cells and human biology. In the year 1986 Dr. Christopher Chen in Australia used the slow frozen oocytes for the pregnancy in the world for the first time. Advantages of cryobiology: Helps in the preservation of biological materials. By this the biological materials can be preserved for long time. Sperm, gametes, embryos, tissues, bone marrow, organ can be preserved. Helps to study the adapting nature of plants and animals under the low temperature. Cryopreservation: This is the process, which come under the Cryobiology. This is the process in which the cell is kept under the very low temperature which causes the cell to stop its biological chemical reactions and finally the cell leads to death. But sometimes the cell which is kept under the process of cryopreservation may get damage, when it is taken to the low temperature. Some of the biological materials are kept under very low temperature which is the liquid phase of the liquid nitrogen. Because it is the best process for the preservation some complex biological compounds which lead to stop their biological chemical reactions. In order to be free from the risk the most two techniques used are the Slow Cooling and Vitrification. Background: James Lovelock is the important person who made the Gaia theory fame. Using this theory he said that the damage that occurs to the red blood cells is due to the osmotic stress during the process of the freezing. In the early years of 1950s he said that when the cell faces the increase of salt concentration make it to dehydrate for the loss of water to the external ice which may cause the damage of the cell. In the year of 1950s they are rapid development of the freezing techniques which made helping in bringing the pregnancies. Before this the insemination of frozen sperm was brought into live. Latter in the 1957 the scientist of the United Kingdom started the cryopreserving the fowl sperm. In the year of 2000s the baby was born by the cryopreservation egg, Laina Beasley born in July 2005. Not only in the human beings, this is brought into the animals which made to the result of A Ocelots kitten born in Cincinnati Zoo in 2001. As freezing damage in the cells are of two aspects. The primary one is that cell gets damage due to the ice crystal, and the second is the damage of cell when more ice is formed due to the concentrate of the solute. Latter in the USA they made a solution for this aspects of the damage in cell by the typical rate of cooling 1C/min but this rate of cooling depends on the size of the cell and the water content in the cell. In this they are a form of anti-freeze known as the cryprotectant which is used to equalize the physical optimal parameter osmotic. Cryoprotectants have ability to protect the cell to face the freezing injury which was discovered accidentally. Cryoprotectants: When the biological materials are kept under the preservation they are need to be protect for the long time. At same time the protected material should be able to function for a long time when they are rewarmed to the sub zero level. During the process of the preservation some chemicals are used to preserve them in low temperature and in the same way they are rewarmed, and should have the ability to function for a long time. But in some cases of preservation chemicals are not used such as in fungi, yeast. The cryoprotectants are used in this cases, now a days some chemicals like dimethyl sulfoxide, glycerol. But in some of the specimens the dimethyl sulfoxide affects the preservation due to the toxicity nature. (Smith, 1983) This toxicity can be reduces to some level by use of glucose Advantages of Cryoprotectants: Helps the material from rapid cooling Prevents from formation of ice in the intracellular region. When the cell undergoes high concentration of solute it helps to prevent from dehydration (Mazur, 1984). Helps the cell to function even after the rewarming. Slow cooling: This is the early technique used in the cryopreservation which is used to prevent to the cell from the damage in the freezing Background: It is the control rate technique which was developed in the 1970s which has been enabled the first human embryo birth. From then this technique is used all over the world for the biological materials. And some machines which are used in the cryopreservation bring the cell to the freezing point such as the liquid phase of the liquid nitrogen. This technique machines are used to freeze the oocyte, blood products, sperms, skin, embryo, general tissues and stem cells preservation in research labs, hospitals all over the world. But in the slow cooling the cell gets dehydrate Vitrification: This is the new technique used in the cryopreservation which is used to prevent to the cell from the damage in the freezing. It is the preservation at extremely low temperature without any freezing. In this process can be done without the involvement of the cryoprotectants. Background: Right from the development of the slow cooling the glycerol is used to cryobiology as the cryoprotectant for the bull sperm and blood cells. But however it is know that glycerol is not helpful to prevent the whole organ from the damage. For more suitable cryoprotectants in those cases many of the biotech companies worked to develop. In the 21st century the kidney of rabbit is preserved at -135oC, which made as the vitrification cocktail, because latter the kidney which is preserved at the -135oC was again planted back into the body of rabbit, the kidney was found to be functioning without any failure. At present preservation of the brain is under the progress, they are looking to prevent the brain from damaging such as damage to the tissues and loss of the memory in the brain which was encoded. The Institute of Cryonics are working to preserve the whole body without damage in the cells, tissue and all the organs which should again function properly when they are transplanted, this is in the progress. In this the freezing involves in ice crystal formation, which lead to the damage of the sensitive structures such as the blood vessels. For a successful vitrification it needs combinations of the two factors, one is the high concentration of solutes in the bathing medium capable of glass formation, and the other is the extreme rapid cooling of the samples. In the year 1985 for the first time the cryopreservation of mouse embryos by Rall and Fahy. Steps that to be followed for the successful vitrification are concentration and composition of the vitrification solution The procedure used to equilibrate cells in this solution The cooling/warming conditions The procedure used to dilute cells from the vitrification solution Freezing injuries: In a living cell the liquid water is most important to maintain its structure and function, when this cell is kept in the freezing preservation, due to the low temperature then to its survival then the cell faces the freezing injuries which may lead the living cell to destruction. When the cell is under the preservation the injury that effect is shown in the figure the inverted U in this the position of the cell which it can function normally is shown as the survival point , when this cell is put on to the freezing beyond its limit, that is a cell has its own capability for a certain limit of low temperature or high temperature, when this cell exceeds the limit of low temperature the solution around the cell makes it injury, in such cases the intracellular ice formation will be occurred, at this stage the cell leads to the injury and destruction occurs. In some cases like the high cooling rate the cell undergoes both the extracellular and intracellular. Freezing injuries at high cooling rate: When we take most of the cells they have the thermodynamic point at -0.5oC. But when we need to preserve the cell the cell must get freeze, to do this the cell will be undertaken below -5oC. At this position the cell undergoes the super cooling at which the medium around the cell and the cell remain unfrozen, due to the protective solute that is bounded around and within the cell. The cell which is taken to the low temperature between the -5oC and -15oC the ice forms in the external medium. At which the cell content remain super cooling in an unfrozen state. The ice which is formed in the external medium will affect the extracellular solute. The solution concentration in the extracellular solution will increase when the temperature gets decreases and the ice will be grown, this increase of ice is the ice phase. Due to this the chemical imbalance is occurred between the biological material and the unfrozen external solution. The external part of the cell gets frozen when the water flows off, this occurs when the higher chemical potential then the water of the partly frozen solution outside the cell. And this subsequent physical event in the cell depends on the rate of cooling in the cell. If the cooling is sufficiently slow, the loss of water rapidly by exosmosis. When this occurs the result of the cell will dehydrate and will not freeze intracellular. TZ p3 When the cooling is too rapid the rate at which the chemical potential of water extracellular solution decreases is much faster than to the rate which water can be diffuse out of the cell and they will be the end result in the intracellular ice formation. In the shown figure the cell under the preservation will have the outflow of the intracellular water which may lead to shrink of the cell and the extracellular ice will be formed which leads to the shrunken cell with little or no ice formed internally. It is the indirect assumption that the formation of the ice inside the cell is unpreventable. At present many of the studies have been suggested that intracellular ice formation during the process of the freezing causes the death or damage of the cell. In the process of the intracellular ice formation they are three possible ways which it can be occurred. Chilling injuries: Chilling injury is defined as the low temperature stress on the absence of freezing. Actually the word chilling injuries is used in the botany, in the early 18th centuries to describe the plants which are subjected to the low temperature that is chilling temperature above the 0Â °C were often damaged irreversibly. The temperature shock was first used in 1934 to show the irreversibly damage to mammalian sperms that occurred when these cell undergo rapid cooling below the body temperature at which few degree fall down rapidly in a minute of time. At these both sperm cells and the plant cells the chilling injury are similarly related mechanism. In the process of chilling injuries they are two types direct chilling injury and the indirect chilling injury. Direct chilling injuries: This is also known as the Cold shock. This is mostly used to describe both phenomena, which is expressed quickly upon reduction in temperature and Dependent on cooling rate. Cold shock injury is almost independent of the rate of warming. Injury is increased as the period incubation at the reduced temperature is extended. Indirect chilling injuries: Indirect chilling injuries are usually evident following a relatively long exposure period at the time of the reduced temperatures, and its enable to the independent of the rate of cooling. Metabolic and enzymatic processes can find in the fast developing embryos. Especially in Drosophila and zebrafish the injury get more rapid at the low temperatures. This is due to the co-ordination is increased lost with decreasing temperature. The reduction in temperature will affect the enzyme rate reaction to a different extent. SIMILARITIES BETWEEN CONTROLLED SLOW COOLING AND VITRIFICATION: (Baudot et al., 2002) In the process of preservation both the techniques have the similarity of freezing during the process of preservation. In slow cooling the cooling is done intracellular and extracellular and in the same way in vitrification, but little change at place where ice crystal formation is occurred in slow cooling and not in vitrification Somehow both techniques are similar with slight changes during the process of the preservation of biological materials. DIFFERENCES BETWEEN CONTROLLED SLOW COOLING AND VITRIFICATION IN CRYOPRESERVATION OF BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS: (Kuleshova, 2002) Vitrification techinque Slow cooling technique This is simple technique This is complex technique This safer technique This is risky technique This more costly technique This cheaper compare to vitrification Ice crystal dont form in the process of freezing In this ice crystals formation is seen This is most successful technique Not much success then vitrification Cell death will not occur Have the chances to the cell death ADVANTAGES OF VITRIFICATION AND CONTROLLED SLOW COOLING IN CRYOPRESERVATION OF BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS: In the cryopreservation the both techniques vitrification and controlled cooling techniques are used to preserve the biological materials for a long time. Vitrification technique has the uniqueness for the preservation of the oocytes, because the oocytes brought under this technique have more capable to the fertilization. This oocytes lead to the normal pregnancy. In process of the vitrification the ice crystal formation is not occurred both in the intracellular and the extracellular. In vitrification the whole cell including the medium solidify (freeze). In the process of vitrification the cell doesnt get any damage and dont lead the cell to death (Kasa, 2004). The preservation of materials at a controlled slow cooling, we can store the materials at -196oC, best example is storage of hematopoietic cells (Hill et al., 1972). The main advantages of cooling and warming rates are that it contains very less amount of cryoprotectants, with this it can reduce toxic effect and also osmotic injury (Orief et al., 2005). DISADVANTAGES OF CONTROLLED SLOW COOLING AND VITRIFICATION IN CRYOPRESERVATION OF BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS: When we come to the vitrification we dont face any unfavarable conditions during the process of preservation, because of cryoprotectants which toxic in nature and more cost(Chi, 2001). Ice crystals are occurred in the intracellular and the extra cellular region of cell in the process of preservation in slow cooling technique. This is the major disadvantage in controlled slow cooling. (Kasa, 2004). Main Outcome Measure: As per the reported number of pregnancies done after transfer of embryos which were cryopreserved by vitrification. Both slow cooling and vitrification procedures have successful cryopreservation of human embryos and oocytes. Both procedures have healthy births, but slow cooling of oocytes gives very low success rates. Vitrification is a promising novel technique in reproductive technology CONCLUSION: As per the reference and my knowledge controlled slow cooling and as well as vitrification are useful techniques for the preservation of biological materials, when compared vitrification technique is more useful technique for the preservation as slow cooling technique. Vitrification is a simple procedure that requires less time, safer and more cost effective than slow cooling.

You Are My World :: Love Letters Dating Email Relationships

Dear Mason, I wonder why you chose me and why you chose to stick with me. I know we've gone through so much. We have been through so many hard times but so many more good times. We share the same things, we try to understand each other, even try to be there as friends, as soul mates. I ask myself why you chose to ask me to marry you and I have no answers, only your love. As I look into your eyes I see how much you love me. I understand how much you care about me and yes,it took me this long to see that you truly do. As you ask me, "Do I trust you," and as I look for the answer, I ask myself, "Has he given me any reasons why not to? No." We have both been through so much in our lives; we've both been hurt and have lost trust in others, but I ask you to give me a chance as I am giving you a chance. I am not asking for much, only for you to love me as I am and not hurt me. I only wish to be by your side and only your side for the rest of my life. I enjoy doing things with you and spending time with you. I get upset because all I want are those times with you when we don't have much. As we reach three years together, I see that I do want to spend the rest of my life with you. I want to grow old together, to the end of our time. I know I don't tell you enough that I love you, but as the days go by, my love for you grows, and each day I thank God that I have you in my life. I know I get mad and upset but it is because my heart is so strong in love with you it scares me. All I want is to take us away, away from the pain, and share what we have with each other. Sometimes I feel lost and out of touch, but when you hold me, I feel safe and secure. I could sit here and try to tell you just how I feel, but I can't find the words other than I am happy we met and have stayed together after all we have gone through.

Considering Mahayana Buddhism for Process Philosophy Essay -- Philosop

Considering Mahayana Buddhism for Process Philosophy "Religious suffering is, at one and the same time, the expression of real suffering and a protest against real suffering. Religion is the sigh of the oppressed creature, the heart of a heartless world, and the soul of soulless conditions. It is the opium of the people." Karl Marx (1844) "Science frees us in many ways†¦ from the bodily terror which the savage feels. But she replaces that, in the minds of many, by a moral terror which is far more overwhelming". Charles Kingsley (1866) Classical sociological theory teaches that all social phenomena—be it intangible, like an idea or a belief; or tangible, like institutions or a nation’s rights engraved into a written constitution—are interrelated to some extent. Two domains of social life that exert a particularly strong influence on the lives of individuals are science and religion. As dominant forces, both have, throughout history, conflicted with each other in fascinating ways. This paper will consider how the two might be integrated into a single mode of thought. My broad aim is to demonstrate how Mahayana Buddhism can be used to satisfy the primary goal of process philosophy, which combines the otherwise conflicting spheres of science and religious life: "the integration of moral, aesthetic, and religious intuitions with the most general doctrines of the sciences into a self-consistent worldview." (I heretofore refer to this as a "single worldview.") Doing so will first require an examinati on of the core tenets of Buddhism and the debunking of a popular misconception of the faith—the idea that Buddhism is an atheistic tradition. Next, I will consider how the tenets of Buddhism—chief among them, the idea of "emptines... ...and. Varieties of Postmodern Theology. (Albany: State University of New York Press, 1989.) Marx, Karl. "Selections from Contribution to the Critique of Hegel’s Philosophy of Right." February 1844. Available online at: http://www3.baylor.edu/~Scott_Moore/texts/Marx_Opium.html. Polkinghorne, John. Science and Theology: An Introduction. (Minneapolis: Fortress, 1998. Powers, John. Introduction to Tibetan Buddhism. (Ithaca: Snow Lion, 1995.) Raymo, Chet. Skeptics and True Believers: The Exhilarating Connection Between Science and Religion. (New York: Walker and Co., 1988.) Rinpoche, Dilgo Khyentse. The Excellent Path to Enlightenment: Oral Teachings on the Root Text of Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo. Trans. The Padmakara Group. (Ithaca: Snow Lion, 1996.) Wuthnow, Robert. "Sociology of Religion." In Handbook of Sociology. Ed. Neil Smelser. (London: Sage, 1988.)